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Molecular Imaging of Retinal Endothelial Injury in Diabetic Animals.
Authors Frimmel S, Zandi S, Sun D, Zhang Z, Schering A, Melhorn MI, Nakao S,
Hafezi-Moghadam A
Submitted By Ali Hafezi-Moghadam on 6/5/2017
Status Published
Journal Journal of ophthalmic & vision research
Year 2017
Date Published
Volume : Pages 12 : 175 - 182
PubMed Reference
Abstract Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of vision loss. There is a great need
for early diagnosis prior to the occurrence of irreversible structural damages.
Expression of endothelial adhesion molecules is observed before the onset of
diabetic vascular damage; however, to date, these molecules cannot be visualized
in vivo., To quantify the expression of endothelial surface molecules, we
generated imaging probes that bind to ICAM-1. The a-ICAM-1 probes were
characterized via flow cytometry under microfluidic conditions. Probes were
systemically injected into normal and diabetic rats, and their adhesion in the
retinal microvessels was visualized via confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.
Histology was performed to validate in vivo imaging results. Vascular
pathologies were visualized using trypsin-digested retinal preparations., The
a-ICAM-1 probes showed significantly higher adhesion to retinal microvessels in
diabetic rats than in normal controls (P < 0.01), whereas binding of control
probes did not differ between the two groups. Western blotting results showed
higher ICAM-1 expression in retinas of T1D animals than in normal controls.
Retinal endothelial ICAM-1 expression was observed via molecular imaging before
markers of structural damage, such as pericyte ghosts and acellular
capillaries., Results indicate that molecular imaging can be used to detect
subtle changes in the diabetic retina prior to the occurrence of irreversible
pathology. Thus, ICAM-1 could serve as a diagnostic target in patients with
diabetes. This study provides a proof of principle for non-invasive subclinical
diagnosis in experimental diabetic retinopathy. Further development of this
technology could improve management of diabetic complications.

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